TOBINintel
TOBINintel knowledge portal
Every TOBIN entry, opened right here in the app.
O — Oxidative Stress
Redox imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS/RNS burden, antioxidant capacity, metabolic stress and lipid oxidation indicators.
Type 2 Diabetes
Beta-cell stress is modeled as the end point of several drivers at once: glycemic load and nutrient quality, oxidative and mitochondrial stress, hormonal signaling, low-grade inflammation and selected exposures.
Depressive & Anxiety Disorders
Mood symptoms are organized, not explained away. Sleep, stress, medications, endocrine factors, nutrient status, metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, substance use, social determinants and exposures are each examined as possible contributors, with validated screening and escalation built in.
HPA-Axis Dysregulation (often called "adrenal fatigue")
"Adrenal fatigue" is not a recognized diagnosis. The Endocrine Society and a 2016 systematic review found no evidence for it. TOBIN uses the term HPA-axis dysregulation for stress-related fatigue, poor sleep and low resilience, where the adrenal glands themselves are not failing. The priority is to rule out real adrenal disease. Morning serum cortisol below 3 µg/dL strongly suggests adrenal insufficiency, and a value of 15 µg/dL or more makes it unlikely (Endocrine Society 2016). Values in between need an ACTH stimulation test. Late-night salivary cortisol above the lab's limit screens for Cushing's syndrome.